Learn Oneida

Module 3

Note: This page is still under construction!

Past Tense

The past tense in Oneida can be communicated using either prefixes or suffixes on words.

Introduction

We‘ll start with common suffixes hne and kweʔ. Note that sometimes the suffix replaces the last syllable, whereas in other cases it is a new syllable added to the end.
EnglishOneida
I like it
knú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like it
knú·wehskwe̲ʔ
It likes me
waknú·wehse̲ʔ
It used to like me
waknú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I like you
kunú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like you
kunú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I love it
knolúkhwa̲
I used to love it
knolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
It loves me
waknolúkhwa̲
It used to love me
waknolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I love you
kunolúkhwa̲
I used to love you
kunolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I know it
kyʌtelí̲
I used to know it
kyʌtelihné·
It knows me
wakyʌtelí̲
It used to know me
wakyʌtelihné·
I know you
kuyʌtelí̲
I used to know you
kuyʌtelihné·
I like myself
katatnú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like myself
katatnú·wehskwe̲ʔ
You and I like each other
tetyatatnú·wehse̲ʔ
You and I used to like each other
tetyatatnú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I know
wakanúhte̲ʔ
I used to know
wakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ
I am a child
keksá·
I used to be a child
keksahné·
I am a young man
knikʌ́htluʔ
I used to be a young man
knikʌhtluhné·
I am a young woman
kyaʔtaséha
I used to be a young woman
kyaʔtasehné·
I am free / single
katatwʌni·yó̲·
I used to be free / single
katatwʌni·yohné·
I didn't used to be free / single (but I am now)
yáh teʔkatatwʌni·yohné·
I am engaged (to someone)
yukninyákheʔ
I used to be engaged (to someone)
yukninyákhehkwe̲ʔ
I am in a relationship (with someone)
yáknehse̲
I used to be in a relationship (with someone)
yáknehskwe̲ʔ
I am married
wakenyákuʔ
I used to be married
wakenyakuhné·
I didn't used to be married (but I am now)
yáh teʔwakenyakuhné·
I am separated (from someone)
teyukyatekháshyuʔ
I used to be separated (from someone)
teyukyatekhashyuhné·
My name is ...
... ní·yúkyats
My name used to be ...
... ní·yúkyatskwe̲ʔ
I like her / them
khenú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like her / them
khenú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I didn't used to like her / them (but I do now)
yáh teʔkhenú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I love her / them
khenolúkhwa̲ʔ
I used to love her / them
khenolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I didn't used to love her / them (but I do now)
yáh tekhenolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I am 20 years old
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲
I used to be 20 years old
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyaʔkuhné·
I know
wakanúhte̲ʔ
I used to know (but not now)
wakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ
I didn't used to know (but I do now)
yáh teʔwakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ

When something was the case

Now, here are examples of when something was the case. This is communicated using a pre-pronominal prefix called the coincident feature.
EnglishOneida
I am a child
kekhsá·
When I used to be a child
tshikekhsá·
I am a young man
knikʌ́htluʔ
When I used to be a young man
tshiknikʌh́tluʔ
I am a young woman
kyá·taseha̲
When I used to be a young woman
tshikyá·taséha̲
I am free / single
katatwʌni·yó̲·
When I was free / single
tshikatatwʌni·yó̲·
I am engaged (to someone)
yukninyákheʔ
When I was engaged (to someone)
tshiyukninyákheʔ
I am in a relationship (with someone)
yáknehse̲
When I was in a relationship (with someone)
tshiyáknehse̲
I am married
wakenyákuʔ
When I was married
tshiwakenyákuʔ
I am married (to someone)
yukninyákuʔ
When I was married (to someone)
tshiyukninyá·kuʔ
I am separated (from someone)
teyukyatekháshyuʔ
When I was separated (from someone)
tshaʔteyukyatekháshyuʔ
I love her / them
khenolúkhwa̲ʔ
When I loved her / them
tshikhenolúkhwa̲ʔ
I am 20 years old
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲
When I used to be 20 years old
tewáhsʌ tshaʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲

The Repetitive Feature

In Oneida, a pre-pronominal prefix is used to indicate something "being the case again" and also "not being the case anymore". This is called the repetitive feature. Below are a number of examples. The prefix that is added is dependent on the letter that it comes before. The rules are:
EnglishOneida
It is single
watatwʌni·yó̲·
It is single again
swatatwʌni·yó̲·
I am married
wakenyákuʔ
I am married again
swakenyá·kuʔ
He is single
latatwʌni·yó̲·
He is single again
shatatwʌni·yó̲·
He is married (to someone)
lonyákuʔ
He is married (to someone) again
shonyákuʔ
He doesn't know me
yáh tehakyʌtelí̲
He doesn't know me anymore
yáh teshakyʌtelí̲
I like it
knú·wehse̲
I like it again
sknú·wehse̲
I do not like you
yáh teʔkunú·wehse̲
I do not like you anymore
yáh teskunú·wehse̲
You like it
snú·wehse̲
You like it again
sehsnú·wehse̲
He loves her/them
shakonolúkhwa̲ʔ
He loves her/them again
seshakonolúkhwa̲ʔ
I do not like her/them
yáh teʔkhenú·wehse̲
I do not like her/them anymore
yáh tesekhenú·wehse̲
Someone and I are engaged
yukninyákheʔ
Someone and I are engaged again
tsyukninyákheʔ
I am not in a relationship (with someone)
yáh teyáknehse̲
I am not in a relationship (with someone) anymore
yáh tetsyáknehse̲
He loves her/them
yesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
He loves her/them again
tsyesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
You two are not married
yáh tesninyákuʔ
You two are not married anymore
yáh tetsisninyákuʔ
Are you two single?
tsyatatwʌni·yó· kʌ́
Are you two single again?
tsitsyatatwʌni·yó· kʌ́

Relationships

Married

The root word is -nyak-. The paradigm below is stated in the perfective tense which is discussed in module 6.
PronounNowUsed to be
í·
wakenyákuʔwakenyakuhné·
isé·
sanyákuʔsanyakuhné·
laulhá·
lonyákuʔlonyakuhné·
akaulhá·
yakonyákuʔyakonyakuhné·
tetniyáhse
yukninyákuʔyukninyakuhné·
tesniyáhse
sninyákuʔsninyakuhné·
teyakniyáhse
yukninyákuʔyukninyakuhné·
tehniyáhse
lotinyákuʔlotinyakuhné·
tekniyáhse
yotinyákuʔyotinyakuhné·
twakwekú
yukwanyákuʔyukwanyakuhné·
yakwakwekú
yukwanyákuʔyukwanyakuhné·
swakwekú
swanyákuʔswanyakuhné·
latikwekú
lotinyákuʔlotinyakuhné·
kutikwekú
yotinyákuʔyotinyakuhné·

In a relationship

The root word is -e-. This root word literally means "walk, go, be somewhere" but is also used for dating or being together.
PronounNowUsed to be
tetniyáhse
ítnehseítnehskwe̲
tesniyáhse
ísnehseísnehskwe̲
teyakniyáhse
yáknehseyáknehskwe̲
tehniyáhse
í·nehseí·nehskwe̲
tekniyáhse
íknehseíknehskwe̲

Separated and Reconciled

The root word is te...atekhahsyu-. This root word literally means "come apart, come undone, become unravelled, separate".
PronounSeparatedReconciled
tetniyáhse
teyukyatekháshyuteyukyatekhashyuhné·
tesniyáhse
tetsyatekháshyutetsyatekhashyuhné·
teyakniyáhse
teyukyatekháshyuteyukyatekhashyuhné·
tehniyáhse
tehonatekháshyutehonatekhashyuhné·
tekniyáhse
teyonatekháshyuteyonatekhashyuhné·

Engaged

The root word is -nyak- which is the same root word as the word for being married. However, the aspect suffix is different.
PronounNowUsed to be
í·
wakenyákheʔwakenkákhehkwe̲
teyakniyáhse
yukninyákheʔyukninkákhehkwe̲
latikwekú
lotinyákheʔlotinkákhehkwe̲

Single

The root word is -atatwʌniyo-.
PronounNowUsed to be
í·
katatwʌni·yókatatwʌniyohné·
isé·
satatwʌni·yósatatwʌniyohné·
laulhá·
latatwʌni·yólatatwʌniyohné·
akaulhá·
yutatwʌni·yóyutatwʌniyohné·

Old Man / Old Woman

This is a colloquial term similar to its English translation, e.g. "my old lady is a real battleaxe!"
PronounOld manOld woman
í·
likhstʌ́ha̲khekhstʌ́ha̲
isé·
etshekhstʌ́ha̲shekhstʌ́ha̲
laulhá·
lokhstʌ́ha̲shakokhstʌ́ha̲
akaulhá·
luwakhstʌ́ha̲yutatekhstʌ́ha̲

Spouse

lo·né· is used to describe someone else‘s spouse, it is not used for "my spouse" or "your spouse".
EnglishOneida
Charlie's spouse
Tshyalé lo·né·
Susan's spouse
Só·s lo·né·
My cousin's spouse
ukyalá·séʔ lo·né·
Your friend's spouse
tsyatʌ·ló· lo·né·

Girlfriend / Boyfriend

The root word for boyfriend is -nikʌhtluʔtsl- which you may recognize as being very similar to the root word for young man from module 1. The ʔtsl suffix is known as a nominalizer which converts a verb to a noun.
Similarly, the root word for girlfriend is -yaʔtaseʔtsl- which is the nominalized form of the root word for young woman.
PronounBoyfriendGirlfriend
í·
aknikʌhtlú·tsliʔakyaʔtasé·tsliʔ
isé·
sanikʌhtlú·tsliʔsayaʔtasé·tsliʔ
laulhá·
laonikʌhtlú·tsliʔlaoyaʔtasé·tsliʔ
akaulhá·
akonikʌhtlú·tsliʔakoyaʔtasé·tsliʔ

Good and Bad People

Here, two more conjugations are introduced. iyo makes the entity "good" and aksʌ other makes the "bad".

Good People

PronounNowUsed to be
í·
kukweʔtiyó̲kukweʔtiyohné·
isé·
sukweʔtiyó̲sukweʔtiyohné·
laulhá·
hlukweʔtiyó̲hlukweʔtiyohné·
akaulhá·
yakukweʔtiyó̲yakukweʔtiyohné·
latikwekú
lʌnukweʔtiyóhse̲ʔlʌnukweʔtiyóhskwe̲ʔ

Bad People

PronounNowUsed to be
í·
kukweʔtáksʌ̲kukweʔtaksʌ́hné̲·
isé·
sukweʔtáksʌ̲sukweʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
laulhá·
hlukweʔtáksʌ̲hlukweʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
akaulhá·
yakukweʔtáksʌ̲yakukweʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
latikwekú
lʌnukweʔtáksʌhse̲ʔlʌnukweʔtaksʌhskwe̲ʔ

Good Kids

PronounNowUsed to be
í·
keksaʔtiyó̲keksaʔtiyohné·
isé·
hseksaʔtiyó̲hseksaʔtiyohné·
laulhá·
laksaʔtiyó̲laksaʔtiyohné·
akaulhá·
yeksaʔtiyó̲yeksaʔtiyohné·
latikwekú
latiksaʔtiyóhse̲ʔlatiksaʔtiyóhskwe̲ʔ

Bad Kids

PronounNowUsed to be
í·
keksaʔtáksʌ̲keksaʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
isé·
seksaʔtáksʌ̲seksaʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
laulhá·
laksaʔtáksʌ̲laksaʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
akaulhá·
yeksaʔtáksʌ̲yeksaʔtaksʌ́hne̲ʔ
latikwekú
latiksaʔtáksʌhse̲ʔlatiksaʔtaksʌhskwe̲ʔ

Counting People

EnglishOneida
one human being
tsyukwe·tát
two human beings
teyukwe·táke̲ʔ
three human beings
áhsʌ niyukwe·táke̲ʔ
four human beings
kayé niyukwe·táke̲ʔ
five human beings
wísk niyukwe·táke̲ʔ
EnglishOneida
one male
shayá·tat
two males
tekniyáhse̲
three males
áhsʌ nihatí
four males
kayé nihatí
five males
wísk nihatí
EnglishOneida
one female
tsyeyá·tat
two females
tekniyáhse̲
three females
áhsʌ nikutí
four females
kayé nikutí
five females
wísk nikutí
Some concrete examples:
EnglishOneida
one boy
shayá·tat laksá·
three girls
áhsʌ nikutí kutikhsaʔshúha̲
two young men
tehniyáhse tehninikʌhtlúha̲
one young woman
tsyeyá·tat yeyá·taseha̲
three adults
áhsʌ nihatí lʌnukwé̲·
two older women
tekniyáhse yotikhstʌ́ha̲

Domesticated Animals

A kanáskwaʔ is a domesticated animal. The root word is -naskw-.
EnglishOneida
dog
é·lhal
cat
takó·s
goat
kayaʔtáklahse̲ʔ
sheep
síksik
chicken
kítkit
pig
kóskos
cow
tyonhúhskwalut
horse
kohsa·tʌ́s
othóskaʔ is a word to indicate the animal is a baby.
EnglishOneida
puppy
é·lhal othóska̲ʔ
kitten
takó·s othóska̲ʔ
kid
kayaʔtáklahseʔ othóska̲ʔ
lamb
síksik othóska̲ʔ
chick
kítkit othóska̲ʔ
piglet
kóskos othóska̲ʔ
calf
tyonhúhskwalut othóska̲ʔ
foal
kohsa·tʌ́s othóska̲ʔ

"Having" Conjugations

Below is an introduction into more conjugations in Oneida.

"Having" a person or animal

pronominal+noun root+joiner+verb root=Result
wake+ksaʔt+a+=
wakeksá·ta
(I have a child)
wak+wil+a+=
wakwila·yʌ́·
(I have a baby)
wak+naskw+a+=
waknáskwayʌʔ
(I have an animal)
wak+nikʌhtluʔtsl+a+=
waknikʌhtluʔtsla·yʌ́·
(I have a boyfriend)
wak+yaʔtaseʔtsl+a+=
wakyaʔtase·tsla·yʌ́·
(I have a girlfriend)

"Having" a person or animal in the past

pronominal+noun root+joiner+verb root+joiner+past tense=Result
wake+naskw+a+yʌʔt+a+hkweʔ=
wakenaskwayʌʔtahkweʔ
(I used to have an animal)

"Having" a good animal

pronominal+noun root+verb root=Result
wak+naskw+iyo=
waknaskwi·yó
(I have a good animal)

"Having" an animal in the past

pronominal+noun root+verb root+past tense=Result
wak+naskw+iyo+hne=
waknaskwiyo·hné·
(I used to have a good animal)
wak+naskw+aksʌ+hne=
waknaskwaksʌ·hné·
(I used to have a bad animal)

Clans

Here, you can learn about clan animals and how to say someone is from a clan. The clans in Oneida are: bear, turtle, and wolf.

Clan Animals

EnglishOneida
bear
ohkwa·lí̲
beaver
tsyoní·tu̲ʔ
deer
oskʌnu·tú̲·
eel
tawelú·ko̲
hawk
kalhakúha̲
heron
ohá·kwalut
snipe
tawístawiʔ
turtle
aʔno·wál
wolf
othayu·ní̲

Phrases

PronounPhraseTranslation
í·
ohkwa·lí niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am bear clan
isé·
ohkwa·lí niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are bear clan
laulhá·
ohkwa·lí nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is bear clan
akaulhá·
ohkwa·lí niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is bear clan
tetniyáhse
ohkwa·lí niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are bear clan
tesniyáhse
ohkwa·lí nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are bear clan
twakwekú
ohkwa·lí niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are bear clan
swakwekú
ohkwa·lí niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are bear clan
latikwekú
ohkwa·lí nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are bear clan
They (males + females) are bear clan
kutikwekú
ohkwa·lí niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are bear clan
PronounPhraseTranslation
í·
aʔnó·wál niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am turtle clan
isé·
aʔnó·wál niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are turtle clan
laulhá·
aʔnó·wál nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is turtle clan
akaulhá·
aʔnó·wál niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is turtle clan
tetniyáhse
aʔnó·wál niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are turtle clan
tesniyáhse
aʔnó·wál nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are turtle clan
twakwekú
aʔnó·wál niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are turtle clan
swakwekú
aʔnó·wál niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are turtle clan
latikwekú
aʔnó·wál nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are turtle clan
They (males + females) are turtle clan
kutikwekú
aʔnó·wál niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are turtle clan
PronounPhraseTranslation
í·
othayu·ní niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am wolf clan
isé·
othayu·ní niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are wolf clan
laulhá·
othayu·ní nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is wolf clan
akaulhá·
othayu·ní niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is wolf clan
tetniyáhse
othayu·ní niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are wolf clan
tesniyáhse
othayu·ní nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are wolf clan
twakwekú
othayu·ní niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are wolf clan
swakwekú
othayu·ní niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are wolf clan
latikwekú
othayu·ní nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are wolf clan
They (males + females) are wolf clan
kutikwekú
othayu·ní niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are wolf clan

Nations

Below is a list of nations and nationalities. These include nations part of the Haudenosaunee confederacy and others outside.
EnglishOneidaLiteral translation
Mohawk
Kanyʌʔkeha·ká̲·
flint
Oneida
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká̲·
standing stone
Onondaga
Onutaʔkeha·ká̲·
hills
Cayuga
Kayukeʔa·ká̲·
great swamp / pipe
Seneca
Tsiʔtwanaʔa·ká̲·
great hill / mountain
Tuscarora
Taskaló·lu̲
hemp / shirt
Ojibway
Latitwaʔkánha̲ʔ
(unknown)
Algonquin
Latilu·táks
They eat trees
Cree
Kalhakuhlonú
People of the forest (?)
Huron
Thotinutáthe̲
They're making buttermilk
Inuit
Otholeʔkehlo·nú
People of the north
American
Ostohlonuʔkeha·ká̲
(unknown)
French-Canadian
Walé·lu̲
(unknown)
Here are a couple examples that you can use in sentences:
PronounPhraseTranslation
í·
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· niwakuhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
I am an Oneida
isé·
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· nisuhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
You are an Oneida
laulhá·
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· nihauhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
He is an Oneida
akaulhá·
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· niyakauhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
She is an Oneida

Particles

OneidaEnglishExamples
á·leʔ
again
Tsyutatwʌni·yó á·leʔ
She's single again.
kháleʔ nʌ́
and then
Yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ takóhs kháleʔ nʌ́ yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ é·lhal
She had a cat and then she had a dog.
kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé·
before
Yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ takóhs kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ é·lhal
She had a cat before she had a dog.
né· tsiʔ
because
Yáh tehotinya·kú né· tsiʔ yáh thaʔtehyatatnolúkhwa̲ʔ
They're not married because they don't love one another.
tsiʔ náheʔ
(a length of time)
Tewáhsʌ niyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ wakenyakú̲
I've been married for twenty years.
kʌʔ naheʔ
a short length of time
Kʌʔ náheʔ yakonyakú·ne̲ʔ
She was married for just a short time.
nuʔú·waʔ
now, today
Tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
They're separated now.
yáh newʌ·tú
never, impossible
Yáh né· newʌ·tú tesanyakú̲
You've never been married.
yawʌʔkó·
Thank you
Yawʌʔkó· tsiʔ wesake·tóte̲ʔ
Thanks for coming.
oh niyotuháti
How is it going?
Oh niyotuháti neʔn sahsótha̲
How's your grandmother doing?
oskánhe
together, together with
Oskánhe lotiwila·yʌ́· neʔn Sawatis kháleʔ Ní·ki
John and Nellie have children together.
tekyattíhʌ̲
different, two things are different
Tekyattíhʌ né· tekniyáhse takós
The two cats are different.
tsiʔ ni-
so
Tsiʔ nithoyʌ́ha né· thikʌ́ lú·kwe̲
That man is so young.
tsiʔ niyo·lé·
until, before
Yáh úhkaʔ teyakonya·kú kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· né·n Sawatis
She wasn't married to anyone before John.
yo
(an acknowledgement)
ta·t nuʔuwa
maybe, possibly

Dialogue

Example 1

Lonyákheʔ kʌ́ Brad Pitt
Táh, lonyá·ku nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ lotinyakú·
Angelina Jolie lotinyakú
Yáh teʔwakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ
ʌ́·, to·kʌ́ske̲ʔ
Lotiwila·yʌ́· kʌ́
ʌ́·, yá·yak nihotiwila·yʌ̲·
Kayé·li nihá·ti kháleʔ tehní·khʌ̲ʔ
Yáh kʌ́ tehotinyakú·neʔ Jennifer Aniston
ʌ́·, lotinyakú·neʔ nók tsiʔ tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yutatwʌni·yó kʌ́ nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yáh tetsyutatwʌni·yó· nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yakonyakú kʌ́
ʌ́·, tsyakonyakú á·le̲
Lotinyakú né· shayá·tat né·n Justin Theroux luwa·yáts
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ oyá· tehotinyakú·neʔ Brad
Yáh tehotinyakú·neʔ Gwyneth Paltrow nók tsiʔ lotinyákhehkwe̲ʔ
Yutatwʌni·yó· kʌ́ nuʔú·waʔ neʔn Gwyneth
Táh, lotinyákhehkwe ne Brad, neʔ thó·neʔ ihnéhskweʔ neʔn Ben Affleck neʔ thó·neʔ oyé·li niyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ lotinyakú·neʔ né· Chris Martin
Tehniyáhse tehotiwila·yʌ̲́·
Shayá·tat né·n Moses luwa·yáts kháleʔ tsyeyá·tat né·n Apple yutátyats
Tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·waʔ kháleʔ ihnehseʔ né· shayá·tat neʔn Brad Falchuk luwa·yáts
Ok né·n Ben Affleck
Laukwé·tayʌʔ kʌ́ né·n yakukwé· nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
E·só· nikutí kunukwé· laukweʔtayʌ·táhkweʔ né· Ben
Jennifer Lopez sʌ· ihnehskwe kháleʔ lotinyákhehkwe̲ʔ
J-Lo kʌ́ sʌ́· loneʔkʌ́
Táh, yáh newʌ·tú tehotinyákuʔ né· J-Lo
Tehonatekháhsyu nók tsiʔ lotinyakúhneʔ né· Jennifer Garner, oyé·li niyohslaké nikalì·wes
Áhsʌ nihotiwila·yʌ·, shayá·tat kháleʔ tekniyáhse̲
Shekú kʌ́ lotinyakú
Táh, tehonatekháhsyu
Yatatwʌni·yó· né· tehnitsyalú̲
Ok né·n Ben lonatʌ·ló Matt Damon
Oh niyohtuhátiʔ né·n laulhá·
Áhsʌ nikutí lʌné·skweʔ (Minnie Driver, Winona Ryder kháleʔ tsyeyá·tat oyá·) kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· nihotinyakú né·n ló·ne· oyé·li niyohslaké tsiʔ náhe
Ok né·n Angelina Jolie uhka náhteʔ ihnéhskwe né· kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· né·n Brad
Lotinyakú·neʔ ne Billy Bob Thornton kháleʔ oyá· shayá·tat
Kháleʔ kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· lotinyakú·neʔ né· Billy Bob, yáh ki tsyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ iknéhskweʔ ne tsyeyá·tat yakú·kwe̲ʔ
Yáh náhteʔ teʔwakanúhtehkweʔ thikʌ̲́
Nʌ ki né· sanúhte̲ʔ

Example 2

To·kʌ́skeʔ kʌ́ sanyákheʔ
ʌ́·, to·kʌ́ske̲ʔ
Tu·wís yukninyákheʔ
Tu·wís kʌ́
Lotinyakú né· So·s
Lotinyakú·neʔ nók tsiʔ tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Tó· nahe tshatehonatekháhsyu
Yáh tewahu·níseʔ nók tsiʔ latatwʌni·yó nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yáh kʌ́ tehotinyaku·né· kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· waʔhotinyakeʔ So·s
Kʌʔ ok naheʔ
Katlí·n né·n lotinyakú·neʔ kháleʔ yáh só·tsiʔ teyakukweʔtiyó̲
Ok né·n Tu·wís
Yáh só·tsiʔ tehlukweʔtiyó né·n laulhá·
Latatwʌni·yó· kháleʔ laknolúkhwa̲ʔ
Ok né·n niʔisé̲·
Yáh teʔsanyákuʔ
ʌ́· kháleʔ yáh teʔyukninyákheʔ úhkaʔ náhteʔ ok né·n tshaʔteyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
Tsiʔ nihsekhsá·
Yukninyákheʔ kháleʔ yáh niʔisé̲·
Etshlihwanu·tú·seʔ tó· nihotikhsá·tayʌʔ oskánhe né·n oyá· yakú·kwe̲
Yáh tehokhsá·tayʌ̲ʔ
Yáh e·só· tehetshyʌtelí, wahí̲
Wakanúhteʔ tsiʔ laknolúkhwa̲ʔ
Yáh kʌ́ teʔsanúhteʔ tsiʔ áhsʌ nikutí kunukwé· lotinyakú·neʔ
Kháleʔ oyé·li nihokhsá·tayʌ̲ʔ
Yáh to·kʌ́skeʔ té·kʌ
Ne ok tewáhsʌ úskah niyohslaké nithoyʌ́·ha̲
Sanúhteʔ kʌ́ tsiʔ nihatikhsaʔtáksʌs ne shakoyoʔokúha̲
Yáh teʔsukweʔtiyó niʔisé̲·
Tho wakanúhte̲ʔ
Yaweluhátiʔ tsiʔ yáh teshakoyʌtelí né·n shakoyoʔokúha̲
Yáh tehuwanú·wehse̲ʔ
Yaweluhátiʔ tó· nihokhsá·tayʌʔ, yáh úhkaʔ teʔsukwé·tayʌʔ ne·n yesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
Né· ok tewáhsʌ nikutí takós sanáhskwayʌʔ kháleʔ yáh teʔyesanú·wehse̲ʔ
Sanúhteʔ kʌ́ tsiʔ yáh tehonúhteʔ oh náhteʔ tethsʌná·sele̲ʔ
Sʌ́haʔ e·só· takhló·li̲

Translation Exercises

1
Lotikhsá·tayʌʔ kʌ́ né· akwekú sheyoʔokúha̲
2
Sukwé·tayʌʔ kʌ́́ ukha ok yesanolukhwa̲ʔ
3
Yáh só·tsiʔ tehlukweʔtiyó né·n etshuhwatʌ́ha̲
4
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ sninyakú
5
Tekniyáhse kʌ́ yakokhsá·tayʌʔ né· shekhstʌ́ha yutateʔkʌ́ha̲
6
Né· kʌ́ thikʌ́ lanikʌhtlúha né·n Wá·li akonikʌhtlú·tseli̲ʔ
7
Tó· náheʔ onʌ tshaʔtehonatekháhsyu né·n Só·s luwayʌ́ha̲
8
Yáh thaʔtehyatatnú·wehseʔ nók tsiʔ shekú ihnehse̲
9
Skayá·tat tá·thuní tekniyáhse síksik yakonáskwayʌ̲
10
Shekú yutatwʌni·yó· né· aolíwaʔ tsiʔ yáh teʔyakukweʔtiyó̲
11
Yáh úhkaʔ náhteʔ tehonanúhteʔ tsiʔ Onutaʔkeha·ká· nisuhutsyó·ta̲ʔ
12
Tehnitsyalú kʌ́ lotikwáho né·n yesayʌ́ha̲
13
Kutikwekú kʌ́ kutatwʌni·yó· né· kutiyaʔtaseʔshúha̲
14
Yáh úhkaʔ náhteʔ sʌ́haʔ luwanolukhwa thikʌ́ lanikʌhtlúha tsiʔ ni·yót niʔí·
15
Sʌ́haʔ wahu·níseʔ yuknináskwayʌʔ tsiʔ ni·yót yuknikhsá·tayʌ̲ʔ
16
E·so kʌ́ yanolúkhwaʔ né· etshekstʌ́ha̲
17
Akwekú luwatinú·wehseʔ né· lotinyáhtʌ̲
18
Akwekú lotikhsá·tayʌʔ né· ukwatʌló·shuha, yáh niʔisé̲·
19
Is it true that you and your significant other are separated?
20
Those young men are not good people, that's why they are still not married
21
How many horses does the old man have?
22
Didn't you and your old man used to have a dog?
23
Both his parents are of the Bear Clan.
24
I don't know anyone who is Cree.
25
My wife and I aren't married but we have ten kids.
26
My cousin's wife and I used to like each other.
27
How many kids does your older sister have?
28
How long have Thomas's parents been married?
29
My cousin Peter used to have three cows and one horse.
30
My husband and I used to love one another very much, not so much now.
31
Does your cousin Peter have more kids than you?
32
Have you two been separated for a long time?
33
The Oneida Homemakers are good people, the Oneida Choir and I love them a lot.
34
Do you and your old lady love one another?
35
Peter doesn't like that we are not in a relationship now.
36
Amelia and her husband have six girls.
37
She used to have two lambs.
38
They were engaged. They're married now.
39
All of my friends are still single.
40
My nephew is a rotten kid but I like him.