Learn Oneida

Module 3

NOTE: This page is still under construction!
In this module, we‘ll cover the following:

Past Tense

The past tense in Oneida can be communicated using either prefixes or suffixes on words.

Introduction

We‘ll start with common suffixes hne and kweʔ. Note that sometimes the suffix replaces the last syllable, whereas in other cases it is a new syllable added to the end.
EnglishTranslation
I like it
knú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like it
knú·wehskwe̲ʔ
it likes me
waknú·wehse̲ʔ
it used to like me
waknú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I like you
kunú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like you
kunú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I love it
knolúkhwa̲
I used to love it
knolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
it loves me
waknolúkhwa̲
it used to love me
waknolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I love you
kunolúkhwa̲
I used to love you
kunolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I know it
kyʌtelí̲
I used to know it
kyʌtelihné·
it knows me
wakyʌtelí̲
it used to know me
wakyʌtelihné·
I know you
kuyʌtelí̲
I used to know you
kuyʌtelihné·
I like myself
katatnú·wehse̲ʔ
I used to like myself
katatnú·wehskwe̲ʔ
You and I like each other
tetyatatnú·wehse̲ʔ
You and I used to like each other
tetyatatnú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I know
wakanúhte̲ʔ
I used to know
wakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ

Something used to be the case

Here are some more examples of when something used to be the case.
EnglishTranslation
I am a child
I was / used to be a child
kekhsá·
kekhsahné·
I am a young man
I was / used to be a young man
knikʌ́htluʔ
knikʌhtluhné·
I am a young woman
I was / used to be a young woman
kyaʔtaséha
kyaʔtasehné·
I am free / single
I was / used to be free / single
I didn't used to be free / single (but I am now)
katatwʌni·yó̲·
katatwʌni·yohné·
yáh teʔkatatwʌni·yohné·
I am engaged (to someone)
I was / used to be engaged (to someone)
yukninyákheʔ
yukninyákhehkwe̲ʔ
I am in a relationship (with someone)
I was / used to be in a relationship (with someone)
yáknehse̲
yáknehskwe̲ʔ
I am married
I was / used to be married
I didn't used to be married (but I am now)
wakenyákuʔ
wakenyakuhné·
yáh teʔwakenyakuhné·
I am separated (from someone)
I was / used to be separated (from someone)
teyukyatekháshyuʔ
teyukyatekhashyuhné·
my name is ...
my name was / used to be ...
... ní·yúkyats
... ní·yúkyatskwe̲ʔ
I like her / them
I used to like her / them
I didn't used to like her / them (but I do now)
khenú·wehse̲ʔ
khenú·wehskwe̲ʔ
yáh teʔkhenú·wehskwe̲ʔ
I love her / them
I used to love her / them
I didn't used to love her / them (but I do now)
khenolúkhwa̲ʔ
khenolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
yáh tekhenolúkhwahkwe̲ʔ
I am 20 years old
I was / used to be 20 years old
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyaʔkuhné·
I know / am aware
I used to know / be aware (but not now)
I didn't used to know / be aware (but I do now)
wakanúhte̲ʔ
wakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ
yáh teʔwakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ

Something used to be the case

Now, here are examples of when something was the case. This is communicated using a pre-pronominal prefix.
EnglishTranslation
I am a child
When I was / used to be a child
kekhsá·
tshikekhsá·
I am a young man
When I was / used to be a young man
knikʌ́htluʔ
tshiknikʌh́tluʔ
I am a young woman
When I was / used to be a young woman
kyá·taseha̲
tshikyá·taséha̲
I am free / single
When I was free / single
katatwʌni·yó̲·
tshikatatwʌni·yó̲·
I am engaged (to someone)
When I was engaged (to someone)
yukninyákheʔ
tshiyukninyákheʔ
I am in a relationship (with someone)
When I was in a relationship (with someone)
yáknehse̲
tshiyáknehse̲
I am married
When I was married
wakenyákuʔ
tshiwakenyákuʔ
I am married (to someone)
When I was married (to someone)
yukninyákuʔ
tshiyukninyá·kuʔ
I am separated (from someone)
When I was separated (from someone)
teyukyatekháshyuʔ
tshaʔteyukyatekháshyuʔ
I love her / them
When I loved her / them
khenolúkhwa̲ʔ
tshikhenolúkhwa̲ʔ
I am 20 years old
When I was / used to be 20 years old
tewáhsʌ naʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲
tewáhsʌ tshaʔtewakohsliyá·ku̲

The Repetitive Conjugation

In Oneida, a pre-pronominal prefix is used to indicate something "being the case again" and also "not being the case anymore". Below are a number of examples. The prefix that is added is dependent on the letter that it comes before. The rules are:
  • w, h, l, k: the prefix is s
  • y: the prefix is ts
  • some consonant clusters: the prefix is se or tsi
  • t: the prefix is tsi
EnglishTranslation
It is single
It is single again
watatwʌni·yó̲·
swatatwʌni·yó̲·
I am married
I am married again
wakenyákuʔ
swakenyá·kuʔ
He is single
He is single again
latatwʌni·yó̲·
shatatwʌni·yó̲·
He is married (to someone)
He is married (to someone) again
lonyákuʔ
shonyákuʔ
He doesn't know me
He doesn't know me anymore
yáh tehakyʌtelí̲
yáh teshakyʌtelí̲
I like it
I like it again
knú·wehse̲
sknú·wehse̲
I do not like you
I do not like you anymore
yáh teʔkunú·wehse̲
yáh teskunú·wehse̲
You like it
You like it again
snú·wehse̲
sehsnú·wehse̲
He loves her/them
He loves her/them again
shakonolúkhwa̲ʔ
seshakonolúkhwa̲ʔ
I do not like her/them
I do not like her/them anymore
yáh teʔkhenú·wehse̲
yáh tesekhenú·wehse̲
Someone and I are engaged
Someone and I are engaged again
yukninyákheʔ
tsyukninyákheʔ
I am not in a relationship (with someone)
I am not in a relationship (with someone) anymore
yáh teyáknehse̲
yáh tetsyáknehse̲
He loves her/them
He loves her/them again
yesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
tsyesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
You two are not married
You two are not married anymore
yáh tesninyákuʔ
yáh tetsisninyákuʔ
Are you two single?
Are you two single again?
tsyatatwʌni·yó· kʌ́
tsitsyatatwʌni·yó· kʌ́

Relationships

Married

PronounNowUsed to be
í
wakenyákuʔwakenyakuhné·
isé
sanyákuʔsanyakuhné·
laulhá
lonyákuʔlonyakuhné·
akaulhá
yakonyákuʔyakonyakuhné·
tetniyáhse
yukninyákuʔyukninyakuhné·
tesniyáhse
sninyákuʔsninyakuhné·
teyakniyáhse
yukninyákuʔyukninyakuhné·
tehniyáhse
lotinyákuʔlotinyakuhné·
tekniyáhse
yotinyákuʔyotinyakuhné·
twakwekú
yukwanyákuʔyukwanyakuhné·
yakwakwekú
yukwanyákuʔyukwanyakuhné·
swakwekú
swanyákuʔswanyakuhné·
latikwekú
lotinyákuʔlotinyakuhné·
kutikwekú
yotinyákuʔyotinyakuhné·

In a relationship

PronounNowUsed to be
tetniyáhse
ítnehseítnehskwe̲
tesniyáhse
ísnehseísnehskwe̲
teyakniyáhse
yáknehseyáknehskwe̲
tehniyáhse
í·nehseí·nehskwe̲
tekniyáhse
íknehseíknehskwe̲

Separated and Reconciled

PronounSeparatedReconciled
tetniyáhse
teyukyatekháshyuteyukyatekhashyuhné·
tesniyáhse
tetsyatekháshyutetsyatekhashyuhné·
teyakniyáhse
teyukyatekháshyuteyukyatekhashyuhné·
tehniyáhse
tehonatekháshyutehonatekhashyuhné·
tekniyáhse
teyonatekháshyuteyonatekhashyuhné·

Engaged

PronounNowUsed to be
í
wakenyákheʔwakenkákhehkwe̲
teyakniyáhse
yukninyákheʔyukninkákhehkwe̲
latikwekú
lotinyákheʔlotinkákhehkwe̲

Single

PronounNowUsed to be
í
katatwʌni·yókatatwʌniyohné·
isé
satatwʌni·yósatatwʌniyohné·
laulhá
latatwʌni·yólatatwʌniyohné·
akaulhá
yuatatwʌni·yóyuatatwʌniyohné·

Old Man / Old Woman

This is a colloquial term similar to its English translation, e.g. "my old lady is a real battleaxe!"
PronounOld manOld woman
í
likhstʌ́ha̲khekhstʌ́ha̲
isé
etshekhstʌ́ha̲shekhstʌ́ha̲
laulhá
lokhstʌ́ha̲shakokhstʌ́ha̲
akaulhá
luwakhstʌ́ha̲yutatekhstʌ́ha̲

Spouse

lo·né· is used to describe someone else‘s spouse, it is not used for "my spouse" or "your spouse".
EnglishOneida
Charlie's spouse
Tshyalé lo·né·
Susan's spouse
Só·s lo·né·
My cousin's spouse
ukyalá·séʔ lo·né·
Your friend's spouse
tsyatʌ·ló· lo·né·

Girlfriend / Boyfriend

PronounBoyfriendGirlfriend
í
aknikʌhtlú·tsliʔakyaʔtasé·tsliʔ
isé
sanikʌhtlú·tsliʔsayaʔtasé·tsliʔ
laulhá
laonikʌhtlú·tsliʔlaoyaʔtasé·tsliʔ
akaulhá
akonikʌhtlú·tsliʔakoyaʔtasé·tsliʔ

Good and Bad People

Here, two more conjugations are introduced. iyo makes the entity "good" and aksʌ other makes the "bad".

Good People

PronounNowUsed to be
í
kukweʔtiyókukweʔtiyohné·
isé
sukweʔtiyósukweʔtiyohné·
laulhá
hlukweʔtiyóhlukweʔtiyohné·
akaulhá
yakukweʔtiyóyakukweʔtiyohné·
latikwekú
lʌnukweʔtiyóhseʔlʌnukweʔtiyóhskweʔ

Bad People

PronounNowUsed to be
í
kukweʔtáksʌkukweʔtaksʌ́hné·
isé
sukweʔtáksʌsukweʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
laulhá
hlukweʔtáksʌhlukweʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
akaulhá
yakukweʔtáksʌyakukweʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
latikwekú
lʌnukweʔtáksʌhseʔlʌnukweʔtaksʌhskweʔ

Good Kids

PronounNowUsed to be
í
keksaʔtiyókeksaʔtiyohné·
isé
hseksaʔtiyóhseksaʔtiyohné·
laulhá
laksaʔtiyólaksaʔtiyohné·
akaulhá
yeksaʔtiyóyeksaʔtiyohné·
latikwekú
latiksaʔtiyóhseʔlatiksaʔtiyóhskweʔ

Bad Kids

PronounNowUsed to be
í
keksaʔtáksʌkeksaʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
isé
seksaʔtáksʌseksaʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
laulhá
laksaʔtáksʌlaksaʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
akaulhá
yeksaʔtáksʌyeksaʔtaksʌ́hneʔ
latikwekú
latiksaʔtáksʌhseʔlatiksaʔtaksʌhskweʔ

Counting People

EnglishTranslation
one human being
tsyukwe·tát
two human beings
teyukwe·tákeʔ
three human beings
áhsʌ niyukwe·tákeʔ
four human beings
kayé niyukwe·tákeʔ
five human beings
wísk niyukwe·tákeʔ
EnglishMale(s)Female(s)
one
shayá·tat
tsyeyá·tat
two
tehniyáhse
tekniyáhse
three
áhsʌ nihati
áhsʌ nihati
four
kayé nihati
kayé nihati
five
wísk nihati
wísk nihati
Some concrete examples:
  • one boyshayá·tat laksá·
  • three girlsáhsʌ nikutí kutikhsaʔshúha̲
  • two young mentehniyáhse tehninikʌhtlúha̲
  • one young womantsyeyá·tat yeyá·taseha̲
  • three adultsáhsʌ nihatí lʌnukwé̲·
  • two older womentehniyáhse yotikhstʌ́ha̲

Domesticated Animals

A kanáskwaʔ is a domesticated animal. The root word is naskw.
EnglishTranslation
dog
é·lhal
cat
takó·s
goat
kayaʔtáklahseʔ
sheep
síksik
chicken
kítkit
pig
kóskos
cow
tyonhúhskwalut
horse
kohsa·tʌ́s
othóskaʔ is a word to indicate the animal is a baby.
EnglishTranslation
puppy
é·lhal othóskaʔ
kitten
takó·s othóskaʔ
kid
kayaʔtáklahseʔ othóskaʔ
lamb
síksik othóskaʔ
chick
kítkit othóskaʔ
piglet
kóskos othóskaʔ
calf
tyonhúhskwalut othóskaʔ
foal
kohsa·tʌ́s othóskaʔ

"Having" Conjugations

Below is an introduction into more conjugations in Oneida.

"Having" a person or animal

pronominal+noun root+joiner+verb root=Result
wake+ksaʔt+a+=
wakeksá·ta
(I have a child)
wak+wil+a+=
wakwila·yʌ́·
(I have a baby)
wak+naskw+a+=
waknáskwayʌʔ
(I have an animal)
wak+nikʌhtluʔtsl+a+=
waknikʌhtluʔtsla·yʌ́·
(I have a boyfriend)
wak+yaʔtaseʔtsl+a+=
wakyaʔtase·tsla·yʌ́·
(I have a girlfriend)

"Having" a person or animal in the past

pronominal+noun root+joiner+verb root+joiner+past tense=Result
wake+naskw+a+yʌʔt+a+hkweʔ=
wakeksá·tayʌʔtahkweʔ
(I used to have an animal)

"Having" a good animal

pronominal+noun root+verb root=Result
wak+naskw+iyo=
waknaskwi·yó
(I have a good animal)

"Having" an animal in the past

pronominal+noun root+verb root+past tense=Result
wak+naskw+iyo+hne=
waknaskwiyo·hné·
(I used to have a good animal)
wak+naskw+aksʌ+hne=
waknaskwaksʌ·hné·
(I used to have a bad animal)

Clans

Here, you can learn about clan animals and how to say someone is from a clan. The clans in Oneida are: bear, turtle, and wolf.

Clan Animals

EnglishTranslation
bear
ohkwa·lí̲
beaver
tsyoní·tuʔ
deer
oskʌnu·tú·
eel
tawelú·ko
hawk
kalhakúha̲
heron
ohá·kwalut
snipe
tawístawiʔ
turtle
aʔno·wál
wolf
othayu·ní̲

Phrases

PronounPhraseTranslation
í
ohkwa·lí niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am Bear Clan
isé
ohkwa·lí niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are Bear Clan
laulhá
ohkwa·lí nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is Bear Clan
akaulhá
ohkwa·lí niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is Bear Clan
tetniyáhse
ohkwa·lí niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are Bear Clan
tesniyáhse
ohkwa·lí nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are Bear Clan
twakwekú
ohkwa·lí niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are Bear Clan
swakwekú
ohkwa·lí niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are Bear Clan
latikwekú
ohkwa·lí nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are Bear Clan
kutikwekú
ohkwa·lí niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are Bear Clan
PronounPhraseTranslation
í
aʔnó·wál niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am Turtle Clan
isé
aʔnó·wál niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are Turtle Clan
laulhá
aʔnó·wál nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is Turtle Clan
akaulhá
aʔnó·wál niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is Turtle Clan
tetniyáhse
aʔnó·wál niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are Turtle Clan
tesniyáhse
aʔnó·wál nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are Turtle Clan
twakwekú
aʔnó·wál niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are Turtle Clan
swakwekú
aʔnó·wál niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are Turtle Clan
latikwekú
aʔnó·wál nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are Turtle Clan
kutikwekú
aʔnó·wál niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are Turtle Clan
PronounPhraseTranslation
í
othayu·ní niwakiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
I am Wolf Clan
isé
othayu·ní niʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You are Wolf Clan
laulhá
othayu·ní nihoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
He is Wolf Clan
akaulhá
othayu·ní niyakoʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
She is Wolf Clan
tetniyáhse
othayu·ní niyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You and I are Wolf Clan
tesniyáhse
othayu·ní nisniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You two are Wolf Clan
twakwekú
othayu·ní niyukwʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
You all and I are Wolf Clan
swakwekú
othayu·ní niswʌʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
All of you are Wolf Clan
latikwekú
othayu·ní nihotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (males) are Wolf Clan
kutikwekú
othayu·ní niyotiʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
They (females) are Wolf Clan

Nations

Below is a list of nations and nationalities. These include nations part of the Haudenosaunee confederacy and others outside.
EnglishTranslationLiteral translation
Mohawk
Kanyʌʔkeha·ká·
flint
Oneida
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká·
standing stone
Onondaga
Onutaʔkeha·ká·
hills
Cayuga
Kayukeʔa·ká·
great swamp / pipe
Seneca
Tsiʔtwanaʔa·ká·
great hill / mountain
Tuscarora
Taskaló·lu
hemp / shirt
Ojibway
Latitwaʔkánhaʔ
(unknown)
Algonquin
Latilu·táks
They eat trees
Cree
Kalhakuhlonú
People of the forest (?)
Huron
Thotinutáthe
They're making buttermilk
Inuit
Otholeʔkehlo·nú
People of the north
American
Ostohlonuʔkeha·ká
(unknown)
French-Canadian
Walé·lu
(unknown)
Here are a couple examples that you can use in sentences:
PronounPhraseTranslation
í
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· niwakuhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
I am an Oneida
isé
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· nisuhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
You are an Oneida
laulhá
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· nihauhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
He is an Oneida
akaulhá
Onʌyoʔteʔa·ká· niyakauhutsyó·tʌ̲ʔ
She is an Oneida

Particles

OneidaEnglishExamples
á·leʔ
again
Tsyutatwʌni·yó á·leʔ
She's single again.
kháleʔ nʌ́
and then
Yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ takóhs kháleʔ nʌ́ yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ é·lhal
She had a cat and then she had a dog.
kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé·
before
Yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ takóhs kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· yakonaskwayʌ·táhkweʔ é·lhal
She had a cat before she had a dog.
né· tsiʔ
because
Yáh tehotinya·kú né· tsiʔ yáh thaʔtehyatatnolúkhwa̲ʔ
They're not married because they don't love one another.
tsiʔ náheʔ
(a length of time)
Tewáhsʌ niyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ wakenyakú̲
I've been married for twenty years.
kʌʔ naheʔ
a short length of time
Kʌʔ náheʔ yakonyakú·ne̲ʔ
She was married for just a short time.
nuʔú·waʔ
now / today
Tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
They're separated now.
yáh newʌ·tú
never, impossible
Yáh né· newʌ·tú tesanyakú̲
You've never been married.
yawʌʔkó·
Thank you
Yawʌʔkó· tsiʔ wesake·tóte̲ʔ
Thanks for coming.
Oh niyotuháti
How is it going?
Oh niyotuháti neʔn sahsótha̲
How's your grandmother doing?
oskánhe
together, together with
Oskánhe lotiwila·yʌ́· neʔn Sawatis kháleʔ Ní·ki
John and Nellie have children together.
tekyattíhʌ̲
different, two things are different
Tekyattíhʌ né· tekniyáhse takós
The two cats are different.
tsiʔ ni-
so
Tsiʔ nithoyʌ́ né· thikʌ́ lú·kwe̲
That man is so young.
tsiʔ niyo·lé·
until, before
Yáh úhkaʔ teyakonya·kú kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· né·n Sawatis
She wasn't married to anyone before John.
yo
(an acknowledgement)
ta·t nuʔuwa
maybe, possibly

Dialogue

Example 1

Lonyákheʔ kʌ́ Brad Pitt
Táh, lonyá·ku nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ lotinyakú·
Angelina Jolie lotinyakú
Yáh teʔwakanúhtehkwe̲ʔ
ʌ́·, to·kʌ́skeʔ
Lotiwila·yʌ́· kʌ́
ʌ́·, yá·yak nihotiwila·yʌ·, kayé·li nihá·ti kháleʔ tehní·khʌʔ
Yáh kʌ́ tehotinyakú·neʔ Jennifer Aniston
ʌ́·, lotinyakú·neʔ nók tsiʔ tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yutatwʌni·yó kʌ́ nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yáh tetsyutatwʌni·yó· nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yakonyakú kʌ́
ʌ́·, tsyakonyakú á·le
Lotinyakú né· shayá·tat né·n Justin Theroux luwa·yáts
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ oyá· tehotinyakú·neʔ Brad
Yáh tehotinyakú·neʔ Gwyneth Paltrow nók tsiʔ lotinyákhehkwe̲ʔ
Yutatwʌni·yó· kʌ́ nuʔú·waʔ neʔn Gwyneth
Táh, lotinyákhehkwe ne Brad, neʔ thó·neʔ ihnéhskweʔ neʔn Ben Affleck neʔ thó·neʔ oyé·li niyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ lotinyakú·neʔ né· Chris Martin
Tehniyáhse tehotiwila·yʌ́·
Shayá·tat né·n Moses luwa·yáts kháleʔ tsyeyá·tat né·n Apple yutátyats
Tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·waʔ kháleʔ ihnehseʔ né· shayá·tat neʔn Brad Falchuk luwa·yáts
Ok né·n Ben Affleck
Laukwé·tayʌʔ kʌ́né·n yakukwé· nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
E·só· nikutí kunukwé· laukweʔtayʌ·táhkweʔ né· Ben
Jennifer Lopez sʌ· ihnehskwe kh ́ áleʔ lotinyákhehkwe̲ʔ
J-Lo kʌ́ sʌ́· loneʔkʌ́
Táh, yáh newʌ·tú tehotinyákuʔ né· J-Lo
Tehonatekháhsyu nók tsiʔ lotinyakúhneʔ né· Jennifer Garner, oyé·li niyohslaké nikalì·wes
Áhsʌ nihotiwila·yʌ·, shayá·tat kháleʔ tekniyáhse̲
Shekú kʌ́ lotinyakú
Táh, tehonatekháhsyu
Yatatwʌni·yó· né· tehnitsyalú̲
Ok né·n Ben lonatʌ·ló Matt Damon
Oh niyohtuhátiʔ né·n laulhá·
Áhsʌ nikutí lʌné·skweʔ (Minnie Driver, Winona Ryder kháleʔ tsyeyá·tat oyá·) kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· nihotinyakú né·n ló·ne· oyé·li niyohslaké tsiʔ náhe
Ok né·n Angelina Jolie uhka náhteʔ ihnéhskwe né· kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· né·n Brad
Lotinyakú·neʔ ne Billy Bob Thornton kháleʔ oyá· shayá·tat
Kháleʔ kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· lotinyakú·neʔ né· Billy Bob, yáh ki tsyohslaké tsiʔ náheʔ iknéhskweʔ ne tsyeyá·tat yakú·kwe̲ʔ
Yáh náhteʔ teʔwakanúhtehkweʔ thikʌ̲̲́
Nʌ ki né· sanúhte̲ʔ

Example 2

To·kʌ́skeʔ kʌ́ sanyákheʔ
ʌ́·, to·kʌ́skeʔ
Tu·wís yukninyákheʔ
Tu·wís kʌ́
Lotinyakú né· So·s
Lotinyakú·neʔ nók tsiʔ tehonatekháhsyu nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Tó· nahe tshatehonatekháhsyu
Yáh tewahu·níseʔ nók tsiʔ latatwʌni·yó nuʔú·wa̲ʔ
Yáh kʌ́ tehotinyaku·né· kaló· tsiʔ niyo·lé· waʔhotinyakeʔ So·s
Kʌʔ ok naheʔ
Katlí·n né·n lotinyakú·neʔ kháleʔ yáh só·tsiʔ teyakukweʔtiyó̲
Ok né·n Tu·wís
Yáh só·tsiʔ tehlukweʔtiyó né·n laulhá·
Latatwʌni·yó· kháleʔ laknolúkhwa̲ʔ
Ok né·n niʔisé·
Yáh teʔsanyákuʔ
ʌ́· kháleʔ yáh teʔyukninyákheʔ úhkaʔ náhteʔ ok né·n tshaʔteyukniʔtaló·tʌ̲ʔ
Tsiʔ nihsekhsá·
Yukninyákheʔ kháleʔ yáh niʔisé̲·
Etshlihwanu·tú·seʔ tó· nihotikhsá·tayʌʔ oskánhe né·n oyá· yakú·kwe̲
Yáh tehokhsá·tayʌʔ
Yáh e·só· tehetshyʌtelí, wahí̲
Wakanúhteʔ tsiʔ laknolúkhwa̲ʔ
Yáh kʌ́ teʔsanúhteʔ tsiʔ áhsʌ nikutí kunukwé· lotinyakú·neʔ
Kháleʔ oyé·li nihokhsá·tayʌʔ
Yáh to·kʌ́skeʔ té·kʌ
Ne ok tewáhsʌ úskah niyohslaké nithoyʌ́·ha̲
Sanúhteʔ kʌ́ tsiʔ nihatikhsaʔtáksʌs ne shakoyoʔokúha̲
Yáh teʔsukweʔtiyó niʔisé̲·
Tho wakanúhte̲ʔ
Yaweluhátiʔ tsiʔ yáh teshakoyʌtelí né·n shakoyoʔokúha, yáh tehuwanú·wehse̲ʔ
Yaweluhátiʔ tó· nihokhsá·tayʌʔ, yáh úhkaʔ teʔsukwé·tayʌʔ ne·n yesanolúkhwa̲ʔ
Né· ok tewáhsʌ nikutí takós sanáhskwayʌʔ kháleʔ yáh teʔyesanú·wehse̲ʔ
Sanúhteʔ kʌ́ tsiʔ yáh tehonúhteʔ oh náhteʔ tethsʌná·sele̲ʔ
Sʌ́haʔ e·só· takhló·li̲

Translation Exercises

1
Lotikhsá·tayʌʔ kʌ́ né· akwekú sheyoʔokúha̲
2
Sukwé·tayʌʔ kʌ́́ ukha ok yesanolukhwa̲ʔ
3
Yáh só·tsiʔ tehlukweʔtiyó né·n etshuhwatʌ́ha̲
4
Úhkaʔ náhteʔ sninyakú
5
Tekniyáhse kʌ́ yakokhsá·tayʌʔ né· shekhstʌ́ha yutateʔkʌ́ha̲
6
Né· kʌ́ thikʌ́ lanikʌhtlúha né·n Wá·li akonikʌhtlú·tsliʔ
7
Tó· náheʔ onʌ tshaʔtehonatekháhsyu né·n Só·s luwayʌ́ha̲
8
Yáh thaʔtehyatatnú·wehseʔ nók tsiʔ shekú ihnehse̲
9
Skayá·tat tá·thuní tekniyáhse síksik yakonáskwayʌ̲
10
Shekú yutatwʌni·yó· né· aolíwaʔ tsiʔ yáh teʔyakukweʔtiyó̲
11
Yáh úhkaʔ náhteʔ tehonanúhteʔ tsiʔ Onutaʔkeha·ká· nisuhutsyó·ta̲ʔ
12
Tehnitsyalú kʌ́ lotikwáho né·n yesayʌ́ha̲
13
Kutikwekú kʌ́ kutatwʌni·yó· né· kutiyaʔtaseʔshúha̲
14
Yáh úhkaʔ náhteʔ sʌ́haʔ luwanolukhwa thikʌ́ lanikʌhtlúha tsiʔ ni·yót niʔí·
15
Sʌ́haʔ wahu·níseʔ yuknináskwayʌʔ tsiʔ ni·yót yuknikhsá·tayʌʔ
16
E·so kʌ́ yanolúkhwaʔ né· etshekstʌ́ha̲
17
Akwekú luwatinú·wehseʔ né· lotinyáhtʌ
18
Akwekú lotikhsá·tayʌʔ né· ukwatʌló·shuha, yáh niʔisé̲·
19
Is it true that you and your significant other are separated?
20
Those young men are not good people, that's why they are still not married
21
How many horses does the old man have?
22
Didn't you and your old man used to have a dog?
23
Both his parents are of the Bear Clan.
24
I don't know anyone who is Cree.
25
My wife and I aren't married but we have ten kids.
26
My cousin's wife and I used to like each other.
27
How many kids does your older sister have?
28
How long have Thomas's parents been married?
29
My cousin Peter used to have three cows and one horse.
30
My husband and I used to love one another very much, not so much now.
31
Does your cousin Peter have more kids than you?
32
Have you two been separated for a long time?
33
The Oneida Homemakers are good people, the Oneida Choir and I love them a lot.
34
Do you and your old lady love one another?
35
Peter doesn't like that we are not in a relationship now.
36
Amelia and her husband have six girls.
37
She used to have two lambs.
38
They were engaged. They're married now.
39
All of my friends are still single.
40
My nephew is a rotten kid but I like him.